CTL with optimal effector function play critical roles in mediating protection against various
intracellular infections and cancer. However, individuals may exhibit suppressive immune
microenvironment and, in contrast to activating CTL, their autologous antigen presenting
cells may tend to tolerize or anergize antigen specific CTL. As a result, although still in the
experimental phase, CTL-based adoptive immunotherapy has evolved to become a
promising treatment for various diseases such as cancer and virus infections. In initial …